It is a disease of no infection liquid accumulation in middle ear (tympanum). It is a common disease of childhood and the reason is that the Eustachian tube which is an anatomic channel connects the nasal space with middle ear rejects working properly Among the reasons are in childhood period Eustachian tube does not have cartilage structure, weakness of the muscles that open the Eustachian tube, allergic rhinitis, large adenoids, Eustachian tube’s vertical position compared to gravity causes it not doing its job perfectly. These are the most accepted theories. When the periodical folding mechanism of Eustachian tube breaks down a negative pressure is formed in middle ear and eardrum (tympana) collapse through the middle ear. Because of this negative pressure middle ear cannot be ventilated and the oxygen level drops, carbon dioxide level increases. After this hypoxic environment, adeno in the mucous which inlays middle ear gets irritated and forms saturated secretion. Said secretion is saturated and sticky therefore it is liken to be a glue. Secretion accumulated in middle ear make the sound transmission difficult and create decrease in hearing, late speaking and learning difficulty in children.
It is diagnosed by examination and evaluated by hearing and pressure tests then it is treated by medicine according to the reasons behind this disease. In most cases patients recover with repeating medical treatments. In occasion medical treatment does not help, tympana is scared with a special technique from outside under a microscope and liquid is discharged. Then in order to regain the ventilation in middle ear a tube in the size of a sesame piece is placed in tympana. Placed tube is controlled in certain periods. Generally in 5-6 months’ time it falls out of the tympana without giving any harm.